Quality assurance (QA) testing is a crucial step in the software development process. QA testers help ensure that the software meets customer expectations and is free of defects. When interviewing candidates for a QA tester position, it’s important to ask questions that assess a candidate’s ability to perform the job. In this article, we’ll share how to choose the best QA tester interview questions to ask candidates.
In principle, software testing seeks to provide a solution to the problem of how to ensure that the program performs as intended and refrains from acting in an undesired manner. Gaining certainty that the software you test generates the proper result for a given input is the main objective of software testing.
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What stages of the software testing life cycle are there?
The many stages of the software testing life cycle are as follows:
- Test Planning
The test approach is established during this step
- Test Case Development
In this section, precise test cases are built and defined
- Environment Setup
It refers to a software and hardware setup that the testing team uses to carry out test cases
- Test Execution
It involves executing the code and contrasting the desired and obtained results
What different testing methods are there?
The following are the three different types of software testing:
- Black-box testing
It is a testing approach that just takes requirements and specifications into account. This approach does not call for any understanding of the internal structures, routes, or implementation of the software under test.
- White box testing
It is a testing approach focused on the internal logic, coding, and software implementation of the tested program. White box testing typically calls for in-depth programming abilities.
- Gray box testing
It is a method of software debugging where the tester has little to no understanding of the inner workings of the program.
What are the multiple kinds of testing?
The four primary testing levels are as follows:
- Unit Testing
- Integration Testing
- System Testing
- Acceptance Testing
What does Bug life cycle or Defect life cycle mean?
A defect goes through many phases in a process known as a defect life cycle during its lifetime. It begins when you discover a flaw and concludes when you checked that it cannot be repeated.
Based on several variables such as organizational policy, software development, project timescales, team structure, etc., it might differ from company to company and also from project to project.
What is a test case?
A test case is nothing more than a set of circumstances or variables upon which a tester will assess if the system he tested complies with the specifications or performs as intended.
What is the distinction between functional and non-functional testing?
Functional Testing
- Is carried out prior to non-functional testing.
- It’s depending on what the customer’s requirements are
- Explains the functions of the product
Non-Functional Testing
- Is conducted after the functional testing
- It’s depending on what the customer’s expectations are
- Explains how the product works
What does software testing verification and validation involve?
- Verification
It is a method of static analytics. In this case, you can do testing without running the code. Reviews, inspections, and walkthroughs are a few examples.
- Validation
It is a method of dynamic analysis where you carry the testing out by running the code.Techniques used in testing that are functional and non-functional are examples.
You can carry the development and QA processes out simultaneously under the V model. Testing does not have a separate phase of its own; rather, it begins with the requirement phase. The actions of validation and verification are complementary.
What is Usability testing?
It is a testing process in which the final user of the program is requested to use it to determine whether the product is user-friendly and to determine how long each task takes.
Utilizing prototype or mock-up software in the early phases is an accurate technique to complete the customer’s perspective for usability.
What different types of defects are there?
Defects are classified into three types:
- Wrong
It suggests that requirements were not correctly implemented. It deviates from the specified requirements.
- Missing
This is a deviation from the specifications, a sign that a requirement was not followed, or a sign that client demand was not correctly stated.
- Extra
It is a necessity that you can include in the product but which is not requested by the final user. It is always a deviation from the specification, although it could be a feature the product’s user wants.
What foundation does the acceptance plan have?
Usually, you can use the following inputs to prepare the acceptance document:
- Requirement document
It outlines the precise requirements for the projects from the viewpoint of the client
- Input from the customer
These can be conversations, informal talks, emails, etc.
- Project Plan
The project manager’s project plan is a valuable resource as you conclude your acceptance testing
What is coverage, and what kinds of coverage approaches are there?
We use Coverage as term to define how thoroughly the source code we test during software testing. Three fundamental categories of covering approaches are as follows:
- Statement coverage
It guarantees that every line of source code has been run via testing
- Decision coverage
It guarantees that each true/false decision in the source code has been tested and performed
- Path coverage
In this phase, we make sure that every path through a certain section of code gets tested and run
What are automation testing benefits?
- It makes testing a large test matrix easier.
- Facilitates running several repeated test cases
- Supports the execution of unattended
- Allows for simultaneous processing
- Reduces costs and time
- Increases accuracy and decreases human-made errors
What are the benefits of using Selenium for automation testing?
We employ open-source software called Selenium to automate web browser testing. Being open-source, Selenium has a significant benefit over other testing tools in that there are no licensing fees. Other factors contributing to selenium’s rising fame include:
- We can use any of the following programming languages to create test scripts:
Java, Python, C#, PHP, Ruby, Perl, and Net.
- Any of the following OS can be used for testing: Linux, Windows, or Mac
- Any browser, including Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, Safari, or Opera, may be used to conduct tests.
- It can be integrated to manage test cases and produce reports with tools like TestNG and JUnit
- For Continuous Testing, it may be coupled with Maven, Jenkins, and Docker
What are the varied Selenium components?
Selenium’s various components include:
- Selenium Grid
- Selenium WebDriver
- Selenium Integrated Development Environment (IDE)
- Selenium Remote Control (RC)
What are the various kinds of locators in Selenium?
The locator is an address that identifies a specific web component inside the webpage component. To efficiently and precisely recognize web elements, we have various types of locators in Selenium, which are as follows:
- ID
- Name
- ClassName
- TagName
- Xpath
- CSS Selector
- DOM
- linkText
- PartialLinkText
What is XPath?
XPath, also known as XML Path, is a query language for XML documents. It is a significant component for locating elements in selenium. It consists of a path expression and a number of requirements. You can easily write an XPath script/query here to find any element on the page. Its purpose is to enable XML document navigation to select particular aspects, attributes, or other parts of an XML document for processing. It also generates dependable locators.
Explain the distinction between an Absolute Path and a Relative Path
- Absolute XPath
It is the most straightforward method for locating the element, but the drawback of absolute XPath is that if you change the element’s path, the XPath fails.
- Relative XPath
The path for Relative XPath begins in the middle of the HTML DOM structure. It starts with a double forward slash (//), indicating that it can search for the element anywhere on the page.
When do I need to use Selenium Grid?
You can use Selenium Grid can to run the same or different test scripts on various platforms and browsers at the same time. It achieves distributed test execution, testing in various environments, and significantly reducing execution time.
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Is testing necessary only after you complete the build and execution phases?
Testing is always performed after following the build and execution phases. The sooner we detect a flaw, the less expensive it is.
What is the connection between environmental reality and test phases?
As the testing phases progress, the importance of environmental reality grows. For example, while unit testing, the environment must be partially real, but during the acceptance phase, the environment must be completely real, or it must be the actual real environment.
A defect that could have been excluded during the first stage is removed later. How does this affect the costs?
If a defect is discovered during the initial phase, it should be excluded during that phase/phase instead of later. Delaying a defect for later phases indeed increases the cost.
When you identify a fault and remove it during the design phase, it is the least expensive.
But if you remove it during maintenance, it is twenty times more expensive.
What do regression and confirmation testing mean?
- Regression Testing
You can describe it as a method of software testing used to ensure that a recent code change did not negatively impact existing features.
- Confirmation Testing
When a test fails due to a flaw, you have to report it. Then you can forward a new version of the software with the defect fixed. We refer to it as a confirmation or re-testing.
What is Random Testing?
Typically, in Random Testing, data is created at random using a tool. This data is generated by a tool or an automated mechanism. The system is then tested with this randomly generated input, and the results are recorded.
Which is written first, white boxes or black boxes?
Black box test cases are usually written initially, followed by white box test cases. We need the documentation and the design or project plan to write black box test cases. These documents are easily accessible at the beginning of the project. White box test cases cannot be initiated in the early stages of a project because they require more architectural clarity, which is not accessible at the outset. As a result, white box test cases are typically written after black box test cases.
What are the fundamental elements of the defect report format?
The following are the basic components of a defect report format:
- Project Name
- Module Name
- Defect detected on
- Defect detected by
- Defect ID and Name
- Snapshot of the defect
- Priority and Severity status
- Defect resolved by
- Defect resolved on
Is automation testing helpful in agile methodology?
Automation testing is very helpful in agile methodology because it allows for maximum test coverage in a shorter sprint time.
In what test cases you can use automated testing?
- Non-functional test cases
- Complex calculation test cases
- Data-driven test cases
- Smoke test cases
- Regression test cases
How does Load Testing on websites function?
To access a website, a user submits a “request” to the server of that website. Then the server responds with the website you want to access. To load test a website, quality assurance and automation engineers simply multiply the number of responses sent by the traffic load.
The response of the webserver to the influx of virtual users will then be evaluated to decide server capacity and performance problems.
What is the difference between Selenium and Sikuli?
Selenium
- It cannot automate flash objects such as video players, audio players, and so on.
- It has a complex API
- It can only automate web applications
Sikuli
- It offers extensive support for automate flash objects
- It has a simple API
- It can automate both the web and a Windows application
What is TestNG?
It is a sophisticated framework that is designed to maximize the benefits for both developers and testers. It also includes an exception-handling mechanism that allows the program to run without stopping unexpectedly.
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What kind of feedback from the end user is required to start proper testing?
The end user is the most important character because he is the individual who must use the product and is more invested in the project than anyone else.
What does the term workbench concept mean?
At its core, a workbench is a method of documenting how a specific activity must be conducted. It is also known as phases, steps, and tasks.
Every workbench has the following five tasks:
- Input
- Execute
- Check
- Production output
- Rework
What does Defect Cascading mean?
A defect cascading is induced by another defect. One defect sets off the other. When a defect exists in any phase but is not recognized, it can move to the next stage without being recognized. As a consequence, the number of errors will rise.
What are the various end-user rollout methods?
The following are the rollout methods to be used:
- Pilot
- Gradual Implementation
- Phased Implementation
- Parallel Implementation
How can you use Selenium WebDriver to find broken links on a page?
This is a tricky question that the interviewer may ask you. He can present a scenario in which there are 20 links on a web page and we must determine which of those 20 links are operational and which aren’t.
Because you must test the functionality of each link, the workaround is to send HTTP requests to each of the links on the web page and examine the responses. When you employ the driver.get() method to navigate to a URL, it returns a condition of 200 – OK. This suggests that the link is operational and that it was acquired. Any other status indicates that the link has been broken.
To begin, we must use the anchor tags a> to identify the various hyperlinks on the web page. We can achieve hyperlinks for each a> tag by using the attribute ‘href’ value and then analyzing the response received when using the driver.get() method.
In TestNG, how do you skip a method or a code block?
To skip a specific test method or code, set the ‘enabled’ parameter in the test annotation to false.
@Test(enabled = false)
Explain briefly what the code snippet below indicates.
WebElement sample = driver.findElement(By.xpath(“//*[contains(text(), ‘data’)]”));
It declares a variable of type WebElement and uses an XPath search to activate it with a reference to an element with the text value “data.”
And, this conclusez the suect on how to choose the best QA tester interview questions.
If you want to make on how to choose the best QA tester interview questions, make sure that you’re focusing on the core skills and qualities that are essential for the role. A good QA tester will have strong attention to detail, be able to think creatively to solve problems, and have excellent communication skills.
They will also be able to work well under pressure and meet deadlines. Choose your interview questions based on these qualities, and you’ll be sure to find the right candidate for the job.
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